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POLAR RESOLUTION
POLAR RESOLUTION is a 2002 tank ship. The Coast Guard has recorded 101 inspections since 2001, most recently in June 2026, along with 11 deficiencies, 8 operational controls and 19 casualty investigations between 2003 and 2025.
Records from 2001 to 2026. Most recent: inspection, 22 June 2026.
- Built
- 2002
- Last inspected
- 22 June 2026
- Documentation
- Valid · documentation file of 10 September 2026
- Inspections
- 101
- Deficiencies
- 11 recorded · 0 without a recorded resolution
- Controls
- None recorded without a removal date
- Casualties
- 19 investigations · 2003–2025
Identity
1119822
9193563 View on MarineTraffic leaves Maury; a third-party site, nothing from it is stored here
WDJK
37602
Flag
UNITED STATES
369540000
Maury page id
psix-37602
Inspections, by type
…with no type recorded37
Years with a record
25 calendar years (2001–2026)
The 101 inspections in the strip above, split by the kind of activity the US
Coast Guard recorded. Years with a record are calendar years in which a record exists, not
years in service. What Maury does not do.
Coast Guard record current through 13 September 2026, retrieved 18 September 2026 from PSIX. Every field on this page was recorded by the Coast Guard. Records for the Tank Ship class in Maury's sources begin in 1980.
Documentation record
Registered dimensions (L × B × D)854.3 ft × 151.6 ft × 83.0 ft
Registered tonnagegross 85,387 / net 41,995
ITC dimensions (L × B × D)854.3 ft × 151.6 ft × 83.0 ft
ITC tonnagegross 85,387 / net 41,995
BuilderNORTHROP GRUMMAN SHIP SYSTEMS · AVONDALE, LA, UNITED STATES · built 2002
Hull materialSteel
PropulsionDiesel Direct
Hull shapeNot recorded
Hull configurationNot recorded
Hailing portLONG BEACH, CA
Trade endorsementsCoastwise, unrestricted, Registry
DocumentationValid · issued 13 May 2026 · expires 30 June 2027
Service, as the file records itTank Ship
Hull formpowered (Maury's inference from propulsion, hull shape, material and length, rule hf-1; not a recorded fact)
Tonnage as PSIX records it173509 - Displacement, Ton
141740 - Dead Weight, Ton
85387 - Convention (Subpart B), Gross Ton
41995 - Convention (Subpart B), Net Ton
141740 - Dead Weight, Ton
85387 - Convention (Subpart B), Gross Ton
41995 - Convention (Subpart B), Net Ton
Every line above is a field of the National Vessel Documentation Center's file as served by NOAA Fisheries, dated 10 September 2026, matched to this hull on its Official Number. Registered and ITC measurements are two systems and are never combined. One snapshot is held so far; documentation history begins with the next.
Radio station licence
WDJKMMSI 369540000 · active · compulsorily equipped · granted 14 April 2022, expires 25 June 2032
WDJKMMSI 369540000 · terminated · compulsorily equipped · granted 4 April 2002, cancelled 25 June 2002
FCC Universal Licensing System ship-station file of 6 September 2026, matched to this hull on its
US Official Number. Status and dates are the file’s own. The licensee is not read from the file and is not shown.
A lapsed licence’s MMSI is still the number the vessel transmitted under while it was valid.
Inspected as a tow unit · 3
The Coast Guard recorded this vessel and the following in the same inspection activity — normally a tug and the barges in its tow. A recreational or unclassed hull in the same activity is held and not published, so it does not appear here: these lists are a floor, not a complete manifest.
SONOMA Passenger (Inspected) · MISLE 49012 · 11 April 2025 · activity 8117702MISS TAMMY Passenger (Inspected) · MISLE 50409 · 11 April 2025 · activity 8117702GARTH FOSS Towing Vessel · MISLE 391287 · 16 September 2011 · activity 4146823Inspection history · 101
22 June 2026
Administrative Inspection · Deficiency Check
Physical examination · Sector Los Angeles/Long Beach · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 8410839
14 November 2025
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 8268389
14 August 2025
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 8209981
31 July 2025
MTSA/ISPS Verification · Annual Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 8197712
11 April 2025
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 8117702
1 November 2024
Annual Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 8026713
28 October 2024
In-Service Inspection
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 8025847
14 June 2024
Administrative Inspection · Damage Survey
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 7934998
13 November 2023
Deficiency Check · Administrative Inspection
Physical examination · Sector Los Angeles/Long Beach · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 7824317
6 November 2023
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 7821062
19 October 2023
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7818359
14 April 2023
Drydock Exam · Annual Inspection · Administrative Inspection · MTSA/ISPS Verification · COI Inspection · ACP COI Oversight
Physical examination · Marine Inspections Unit Singapore · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 7769434
19 January 2023
Damage Survey · Administrative Inspection
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 7624308
30 November 2022
MTSA/ISPS Verification · ACP Annual Oversight · Annual Inspection
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7610064
20 October 2022
Deficiency Check · Administrative Inspection
Physical examination · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 7582813
13 October 2022
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Los Angeles/Long Beach · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 7577059
2 July 2022
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7496944
2 July 2022
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7505770
8 November 2021
ACP Annual Oversight · Annual Inspection · MTSA/ISPS Verification
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7348220
1 June 2021
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 7239812
5 March 2021
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 7303544
1 December 2020
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 7117063
5 October 2020
Annual Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 7073226
10 October 2019
In-Service Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight · Annual Inspection
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 6833181
25 September 2019
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 6820700
26 February 2019
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 6632772
10 February 2019
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 6663620
26 September 2018
ACP COI Oversight · Annual Inspection · MTSA/ISPS Verification
Physical examination · Activities Far East · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 6548810
30 May 2018
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 6429541
13 October 2017
Annual Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 6285635
11 September 2017
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Inspections Unit Singapore · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 6263997
30 August 2017
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 6261110
6 August 2017
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 6232307
22 September 2016
MTSA Verification · ACP Periodic Oversight · MARPOL Annex I Examination · Periodic Inspection · MARPOL Annex VI Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 6051157
4 September 2016
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 5992226
7 July 2016
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 5937745
1 January 2016
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 5789637
8 October 2015
MTSA/ISPS Verification · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Marine Inspections Unit Singapore · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 5738193
6 May 2014
Examination of Repairs
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4851984
3 July 2012
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4384729
22 June 2012
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4357787
15 June 2012
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4349061
13 June 2012
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 4343141
18 May 2012
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4336110
27 February 2012
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4252025
26 February 2012
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4252001
19 September 2011
MTSA Verification · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4150909
16 September 2011
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4146823
12 August 2011
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 4132356
27 January 2011
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3935107
24 January 2011
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3934930
24 December 2010
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3916528
19 November 2010
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3899025
20 September 2010
MTSA/ISPS Verification · ACP COI Oversight
Physical examination · Marine Inspections Unit Singapore · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 3849330
11 February 2010
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 3678898
26 January 2010
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 3670469
5 May 2009
MTSA/ISPS Verification
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3468168
7 November 2008
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 3363316
30 August 2008
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3317051
9 August 2008
Underwater Inspection in lieu of Drydock · ACP Periodic Oversight
Physical examination · Commandant (CG-5P-TI) · Activity 3387758
1 August 2008
Cargo Tank Internal · Annual Inspection · ACP Annual Oversight · Underwater Inspection in lieu of Drydock
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3286086
28 July 2008
Internal Structural Exam
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3282044
22 February 2008
Examination of Repairs
Physical examination · Sector Portland · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3151877
15 February 2008
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3148202
13 February 2008
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 3147206
29 November 2007
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 3106989
21 September 2007
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 3065281
19 June 2007
MTSA/ISPS Verification
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2967573
14 May 2007
MTSA/ISPS Verification · ACP COI Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 2927633
8 February 2007
Examination of Repairs
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 2869685
21 July 2006
MTSA/ISPS Verification · ACP Annual Oversight
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 2720256
4 January 2006
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Sector San Francisco · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 2563459
3 January 2006
Security Plan Amendment Review - VSP
Administrative · Marine Safety Center (MSC) · Activity 2559567
21 November 2005
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2539146
24 October 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Maritime Safety & Security Team San Francisco (91105) · Activity 2524257
13 October 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2522175
7 September 2005
Deficiency Check · Administrative Inspection
Physical examination · Marine Inspections Unit Singapore · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 2485985
1 June 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2376984
27 May 2005
Annual Inspection
Physical examination · Sector Puget Sound · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 2441048
16 May 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO SAN FRANCISCO BAY · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 2360674
27 April 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2345295
27 April 2005
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2345759
8 February 2005
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · MSO SAN FRANCISCO BAY · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 2288903
13 December 2004
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO PUGET SOUND · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 2259396
7 December 2004
Examination of Repairs
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2255358
22 October 2004
Damage Survey
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2226539
8 June 2004
MTSA/ISPS Verification
Physical examination · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2086546
27 May 2004
ACP COI Oversight
Administrative · MSO HONOLULU · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 2077205
4 May 2004
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 2060937
15 December 2003
Security Plan Review - VSP
Administrative · Marine Safety Center (MSC) · Activity 1967246
23 October 2003
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 1934463
18 June 2003
Re-Inspection
Physical examination · MSO PUGET SOUND · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 1820921
3 June 2003
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO HONOLULU · USCG Oceania District (CGD-O) · Activity 1903013
6 April 2003
Type not recorded
No type recorded · GROUP SEATTLE · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 1768891
17 December 2002
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO PUGET SOUND · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 1720291
21 September 2002
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 1679479
20 September 2002
Administrative Inspection
Administrative · MSO PUGET SOUND · USCG Northwest District (CGD-NW) · Activity 1678176
4 September 2002
Type not recorded
No type recorded · Marine Safety Unit Valdez · USCG Arctic District (CGD-A) · Activity 1671917
11 July 2002
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO LOS ANGELES/LONG BEACH · USCG Southwest District (CGD-SW) · Activity 1644739
30 May 2002
COI Inspection
Physical examination · MIDET WEST DETAIL · USCG Heartland District (CGD-H) · Activity 1622682
9 September 2001
Type not recorded
No type recorded · MSO NEW ORLEANS · USCG Heartland District (CGD-H) · Activity 6495
Deficiency record · 11
13 - Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery › N/A - No Subsystem › Propulsion main engine
Issued 22 June 2026
Resolved
The machinery shall be of a design and construction adequate for the service which they are intended. Vessel reported port MDE #7 cylinder suspected to have two broken cylinder rings. Vessel has shut down port MDE and plans to arrive Long Beach B121 24 June, discharge crude oil, and shift to inner anchorage 25 June to complete repairs. Vessel "Polar Class tankers" have dual engine rooms and dual steering gears, ACP COI and will make repairs prior to departing Sector LALB.
06 - Cargo Operations Including Equipment › N/A - No Subsystem › Other (cargo)
Issued 14 November 2025
Resolved
The inert gas system shall be capable of inerting, purging and gas freeing empty tanks and maintaining the atmosphere in cargo tanks with the required oxygen content.
Vessel has a small hole traced to the #3 starboard cargo tank top/IG inlet pipe. Vessel is authorized to discharge cargo currently loaded and proceed to wash tanks and affect repairs.
(04) SOLAS II:2 5.5.3.1
13 - Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery › N/A - No Subsystem › Propulsion main engine
Issued 14 June 2024
Resolved
Vessel experienced a loss of power & propulsion of the port engine room caused by the port PCU generator tripping during a power transition between the Port Transformer to the Port PCU generator. During the initial inspection of the port PCU generator drive controller cabinet it was discovered that the interior converter door had become loose and was found to be open
14 - Pollution Prevention › 148 - Ballast Water › Ballast Water Management System (BMWS)
Issued 20 October 2022
Resolved
Following installation of a BWMS, the master, owner, operator, agent, or person in charge of the vessel must maintain the BWMS in accordance with all manufacturer specifications. Starboard side BWMS was reported to be inop. BWMS must be repaired to the satisfaction of RO.
07 - Fire Safety › N/A - No Subsystem › Fire doors/openings in fire-resisting divisions
Issued 4 December 2019
Resolved
Crowns and casings of machinery spaces of Category A shall be of steel construction, adequately insulated, and opening shall be suitably arranged and protected to prevent the spread of fire. 02 overhead cable transits found with missing sealant, 01 block-type cable transit adjacent to watertight door ER-65-1 found improperly maintained all transits located in port machine shop.
Navigation › Piloting/Steering › Gyro Compass
Issued 1 January 2016
Resolved
Make #1 gyro compass operational. Provide technician report to MSU Valdez
Engineering › Shafting/Propeller Arrangements › Coupling
Issued 27 February 2012
Resolved
Vessel had an unexpected shutdown on the port main due to Vulkan Coupling High Vibration Alarm. Identify cause and repair.
Deck/Cargo › Cargo Transfer/Lightering (liquid) › Cargo Manifold
Issued 8 February 2007
Resolved
At U.S. oil facility, ship's crane induced voltage due to AM 1300 (KKOL) radio station 1.5 miles away broadcasting @ 50KW. Power enough to create spark when grounded; tests simulating human impedance fm hook to deck = approx 150mAmps @ 10 watts. At US Oil modify crane ops using nylon straps to ensure hook stays out of cargo envelope as defined in 46 CFR 111.105-31(l). Requirement is fleet wide.
Operations/Management › Cargo Transfer/Lightering › Making a Connection
Issued 8 February 2007
Resolved
Amend SMS procedures for cargo hose hookup with shore crane to eliminate the risk of accidental spark when the vessel is hooking up hoses/conducting cargo operations at US Oil Tacoma, WA and a voltage is being induced due to transmission of nearby AM radio station transmission. Requirement is fleet wide.
Communications › Alarms/Indicators › General Alarm
Issued 21 July 2006
Resolved
Cargo tank high lvl audio alarm would not reset after sounding.
Operations/Management › Drills/Instruction › Not Conducted
Issued 27 May 2005
Resolved
Conduct satisfactory fire and boat drills with CG inspector in attendance as witness. To be conducted following Summer 2005 drydock period in Far East.
Casualty record · 19
3 June 2003Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · 1 injured · activity 1903013
16 May 2005Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · serious marine incident, as classified · 1 injured · activity 2360674
4 January 2006Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · serious marine incident, as classified · 1 injured · activity 2563459
12 December 2006Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 2841148
7 November 2008Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · serious marine incident, as classified · 1 injured · activity 3363316
29 November 2009Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 3642961
26 January 2010Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · serious marine incident, as classified · 1 injured · activity 3670469
11 February 2010Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 3678898
16 September 2011Routine · role: Transiting Vicinity of Primary Subject · activity 4146823
25 October 2011Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · 1 injured · activity 4178005
26 February 2012Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 4252001
13 June 2012Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 4343141
15 June 2012Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 4349061
31 January 2014Routine · role: Acknowledged Pollution Source · activity 4799049
5 March 2021Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · serious marine incident, as classified · 1 injured · activity 7303544
1 June 2021Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 7239812
2 July 2022Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 7505770
19 October 2023Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Casualty · activity 7818359
11 April 2025Routine · role: Involved in a Marine Investigation (non-casualty) · activity 8117702
Each line is an incident investigation the Coast Guard recorded with this hull among the vessels involved, with the date and the classification the Coast Guard gave it, and the bridge, lock or dam the investigation names where it names one. Involvement is not fault. The investigation narrative is not published. Source: IIR, through 2026.
Ownership record
The Coast Guard's documentation record for this hull -- the Abstract of Title,
with its owners and liens as filed -- is not in PSIX. Ask, and Maury buys it from the National
Vessel Documentation Center, files it here with its date, and every reader of this page gets it.